Gold Medal Software 3/Gold Medal Software - Volume 3 (Gold Medal) (1994).iso/wordproc/wf_v31c.arj/DOCS/WF.019

Text File | 1992-01-31 | 27KB | 675 lines

.f3                              - # -           Chapter 19 - Footnotes & Endnotes
.rm70
.tc
.tc 19. FOOTNOTES, ENDNOTES & ANNOTATIONS .................#
CHAPTER 19  FOOTNOTES, ENDNOTES & ANNOTATIONS 

A Word Fugue document can include Footnotes, Endnotes & annotation in
the same document.

A Footnote is special text referred to in the body of your document,
and that prints at the foot of the page. A superscripted reference
number appears in the text body, and also appears before the footnote
text.

An Endnote is special text referred to in the body of your document,
and which prints at the end of the document or chapter.

An Annotation is a special comment that can be attached to the text,
normally by people reviewing the document. Annotations do not print,
but can be viewed on screen.

.tc     Footnotes .........................................#
Footnotes
.IMFootnotes
.ix   Definition

A footnote may appear at the bottom of the page, or at the bottom of
each column of snaking text. By default, Word Fugue places footnotes
at the bottom of the page. If there is not enough room on the page for
all the footnotes, Word Fugue will continue the footnotes at the
bottom of the next page.

Word Fugue prints a separator line - a 2½ inch line - between the
document text and the beginning of the footnotes. You can edit this
character and replace it with different characters.

When a footnote continues onto the next page, Word Fugue prints a
continuation separator - a 6½ inch line - between the document text
and the footnote text. This is printed on all pages where a footnote
has been continued from the previous page. You can edit this or
replace it with some other character (or characters). In addition, you
can print a continuation notice such as "/.." or "Cont" at the bottom
of the page on which the continuing footnote starts.

.tc        Inserting Footnotes ............................#
Inserting Footnotes
.ix   Inserting

Choose Footnote Creation from the menu (F10,E,N,F) or by use of the
short cut keys Ctrl-J N. An automatic reference mark will be inserted
into the document at the cursor position, and a new window will open
to show the notes file. The cursor will be positioned at the start of
the footnote text, underneath a reference number (such as .!0001) that
is used to link the footnote text with the footnote reference in the
document. Footnote text can be any length, and can contain multiple
paragraphs.

Type in the footnote text, and then switch back to the document (F9).
Alternatively, you can close the footnote window (Shift F4) once you
have typed in the text.

Note - if you have the maximum of eight windows open, or there is not
       enough memory remaining to open another window, you will
       receive an error message instead. You will need to close one or
       more windows first.

.CP5
If you have font display turned OFF, you will see a reference such as
{.@NFn0001} inserted into the text. If you have font display turned
ON, you will see a reference such as 1 appear in the document.

.tc        Editing Footnotes ..............................#
Editing Footnotes
.ix   Editing

Place the cursor in the note reference you wish to edit. Choose Modify
Note text from the menu (F10,E,N,M). A window will open with the notes
file displayed, and the cursor will be positioned at the start of the
footnote text for the reference you selected.

You can edit the text in the same way as you would edit document text.

.tc        Deleting Footnotes .............................#
Deleting Footnotes
.ix   Deleting

Delete the footnote reference mark in the document. If you delete the
footnote text from the note file, the reference mark remains in the
document.

.tc        Moving Footnotes ...............................#
Moving Footnotes
.ix   Moving

Mark the footnote reference as a block, then move it to the new
location.

.tc        Copying Footnotes ..............................#
Copying Footnotes
.ix   Copying

Mark the footnote reference as a block, then copy it to the new
location. If the two references are on the same page, they will be
given the same reference number when printed, and the footnote text
will print only once at the foot of the page.

If the two reference numbers are on different pages, they will be
given different references numbers, and the text will print at the
bottom of both pages.

.tc        Changing a Footnote Reference Mark .............#
Changing a Footnote Reference Mark
.ix   Changing Reference marks

A footnote reference mark may be generated automatically by Word Fugue
as:
     a number
     a roman numeral
     a letter of the alphabet

or you may over-ride this and request any special character.

Place the cursor within the note reference, and select Change
Reference Char from the menu (F10,E,N,R). You will be prompted to
"Enter the note reference char".

     If you Type:               The Reference mark will print as:
       n or N                   A number
            r                   lowercase roman numeral
            R                   Uppercase roman numeral
            a                   lowercase letter of the alphabet
            A                   Uppercase letter of the alphabet
       any other character      the character you typed
       eg   $                   $

You will not see roman numerals on screen, instead you will see only
the reference mark identifier you entered (eg R)

If you turn font display OFF, you will see
     {.@NFn0001} for number references
     {.@NFr0001} for lowercase roman numerals
     {.@NFR0001} for Uppercase roman numerals
     {.@NFa0001} for lowercase letters
     {.@NFA0001} for Uppercase letters
     {.@NF$0001} for $

.tc        The Notes File .................................#
The Notes File
.ix   Notes File

Footnotes, Endnotes & Annotations are saved in a separate file, with
the same name as your document, but with the extension set to .!WF

Each note in the file starts with a reference number on its own line
(eg .!0008), and the text for the note follows on the lines below.
While there is no restriction on the size of a footnote, bear in mind
that if it covers several pages, it would be better off as a separate
appendix or chapter.

The first line of the file starts with a number (the last reference
number used) in the format #1234. The rest of the line can contain
parameter for the printing of footnotes and endnotes. These are
discussed in detail below.

The notes file parameters are processed when the first footnote or
endnote is encountered during printing. If you want to change the
values of the parameters after you have started printing footnotes or
endnotes, you can place the parameters you want to change on a .NS dot
command line, which will be processed when encountered in the text.

.tc        The .NSF dot Command ...........................#
The NSF Dot Command
.ix   .NSF
.ixDot Commands;  .NSF - Footnotes processing parameters

This command passes its parameters to the footnotes processing.

    .NSF      - pass to foot notes

The parameters are described below.

.tc           Line Height and Character Width .............#
   Line Height and Character Width
.ix   Line Height
.ix   Character Width

   Sometimes you want footnotes and endnotes printed in smaller type.
   If you do, you need to inform Word Fugue of how much smaller you
   want the type to be, so that the program can calculate how many
   lines can fit on a page, and how many characters can fit in a
   column.

   Line Height

   This is set by the LH = r.r parameter. This parameter can appear on
   the first line of the notes file, or on a line that starts with
   .NS. The value of r.r is the multiplier of normal line size, so if
   you have normal line size at 6 lines per inch, and you want
   footnotes printed at 8 lines per inch, you would set r.r equal to 0.75.
   The format of the parameter is:

      .NSF  LH = 0.75              within the document text

       or   LH = r.r               at the head of the notes file

   This would send the appropriate sequence to the printer to tell it
   to print at 8 lines per inch rather than 6 lines per inch. (6 lines
   per inch divided by 0.75 = 8 lines per inch)

   Character Width

   If you want to print footnotes in a smaller pitch, you would set
   the character width parameter (CW = r.r) to a value smaller than 1.
   Most printers do not let you scale the character pitch and size, so
   Word Fugue will send what ever print codes are set for the ^E
   sequence (normally Elite pitch or 12 cpi instead of Pica pitch or
   10 cpi). This will only happen if the Character Width is set to a
   value different from one.

     .NSF CW = 0.83               within the document text

     or   CW = 0.83               at the head of the notes file

   This would set the character pitch to Elite spacing.

.tc           Print Footnotes in Snaking Columns ..........#
   Print Footnotes in Snaking Columns
.ix   Snaking Columns

   If your text is not printing in snaking columns, then footnotes can
   be printed in snaking columns. This is done by specifying the CO
   parameter in the first line of the notes file, or on a .NS dot
   line:

      .NSF  CO = (n/g w,w ...)

   The contents of the brackets are exactly the same as a .CO dot
   command line.

      .NSF CO = (2/5)                   within the document

      or   CO = (2/5)                   at the head of the notes file

   would print footnotes in 2 snaking columns.

   However, if you are already printing text in snaking columns, any
   .CO command will be ignored. Instead, you must specify whether the
   footnotes are to print at the bottom of each existing snaking
   column, or to leave some lines at the bottom of the page, and print
   the footnotes at the bottom of the page, after the snaking columns
   of text have printed.

.CP10
   This is done with the SNFN parameter (for SNaking columns with
   FootNotes):

      .NSF SNFN = (COL)              to print in each column
      .NSF SNFN = (PAGE,LEAVE=6)     to print below the columns, and
                                     to leave 6 lines room
      or   SNFN = (COL)              at the head of the notes file
      or   SNFN = (PAGE,LEAVE=6)     at the head of the notes file

   The default is PAGE,LEAVE=5

.CP6
.tc           Footnote Number Reset .......................#
   Footnotes Number Reset
.ix   Number Reset

   If you have footnotes that are automatically numbered (arabic,
   roman or letters), then you can choose whether to reset the numbers
   at the start of each page by the FS parameter.

     .NSF FS=PAGE               means start the number sequence again
                                on each page.
              ie page 1 ->   1, 2, 3
                 page 2 ->   1, 2
                 page 3 ->   1, 2, 3, 4


     .NSF FS=SEQ                means continue the sequence on
                                subsequent pages
              ie page 1 ->   1, 2, 3
                 page 2 ->   4, 5
                 page 3 ->   6, 7, 8, 9

     or   FS=SEQ                at the head of the notes file
     or   FS=PAGE

.tc           Footnote Separators .........................#
   Footnote Separators
.ix   Separators

   These are the characters and text that separate the footnote text
   from the document text at the bottom of the page or beneath the
   text.

   Separator Displays the character or series of characters that are
   printed between the document text and the footnote text. The
   default is a 2½ inch line. This can be changed by the SEP
   parameter.

    .NSF   SEP = "─{25}"      means 25 ─ characters (2½ inch line)
    .NSF   SEP = "abcde"      means the sequence abcde
    .NSF   SEP = "AB{3}C"     means the sequence ABBBC

    or     SEP = "─{25}"      at the head of the notes file

   The separator must be surrounded by double quotes ("). If you want
   to repeat a character, you can use the {n} short cut method, where
   a character followed by {n} will be repeated n times

   Cont. Separator  When a footnote text continues to the next page,
   you can specify a separator for the continuation. The default is a
   solid line 6½ inches long. The Continuation separator is different
   from the normal separator. This way you can use a different
   separator to distinguish a continued footnote from a footnote on
   the current page.

    .NSF   CSEP = "─{65}"     means 65 ─ characters (6½ inch line)
    or     CSEP = "─{65}"     at the head of the notes file

   The separator must be surrounded by double quotes ("). If you want
   to repeat a character, you can use the {n} short cut method, where
   a character followed by {n} will be repeated n times

   Cont. Notice when a footnote continues to the next page, you can
   specify continuation text - a notice that the footnote continues on
   the next page. The default is "/...", but can be changed by the
   Fcont parameter

    .NSF  FCONT = "/..."
    or    FCONT = "/..."        at the head of the notes file

.tc        Background on Footnotes ........................#
Background on Footnotes
.ix   Background

Word Fugue places each successive footnote on a page at the bottom
margin and "pushes up" the previous footnotes. Word Fugue calculates
the space for footnotes until either all the footnotes are printed or
the page becomes full. The page is full when there is no more room
between the last reference footnote mark and the start of the
footnote, or there is no space left at the bottom margin to insert
another footnote.

Word Fugue continues a footnote from page to page until it reaches the
end of the footnote text. In cases where the footnote is longer than a
page, Word Fugue may devote a whole page to the footnote.

.tc        Setting the start Number .......................#
Setting the start Number
.ix   Footnote start number
.ix   .F#
.ixDot Commands;  .F# - Footnote start number

The starting number for a footnote is set by the .F# dot command.

     .F# 3

will start the first footnote encountered at number 3

.tc     Endnotes ..........................................#
Endnotes
.IMEndnotes
.ix   Definition

Endnotes may appear at the end of the document, or at the end of
each chapter. By default, Word Fugue places endnotes at the end of the
document. If there is not enough room on the page for all the
endnotes, Word Fugue will continue the endnotes at the bottom of the
next page.

.tc        The .PE dot Command ............................#
The PE Dot Command
.ix   .PE
.ixDot Commands;  .PE - Print endnotes here

You can direct Word Fugue to commence printing endnotes at any point
during the document, including in snaking columns of text, by using
the .PE dot command. All endnotes referenced prior to that point will
be printed immediately, starting with a new line. Those endnotes will
not be printed again unless they are referenced again.

As endnotes are referenced, Word Fugue generates a reference number
for printing (if auto generate is used) or prints the given reference
number, and assigns the note to a list for printing in the
appropriate place. When endnotes are printed, they are removed from
the list.

.CP5
.tc        Inserting Endnotes .............................#
Inserting Endnotes
.ix   Inserting

Choose Endnote Creation from the menu (F10,E,N,E) or by use of the
short cut keys Ctrl-J X. An automatic reference mark will be inserted
into the document at the cursor position, and a new window will open
to show the notes file. The cursor will be positioned at the start of
the endnote text, underneath a reference number (such as .!0001) that
is used to link the endnote text with the endnote reference in the
document. Endnote text can be any length, and can contain multiple
paragraphs.

.CP5
Type in the endnote text, and then switch back to the document (F9).
Alternatively, you can close the endnote window (Shift F4) once you
have typed in the text.

Note - if you have the maximum of eight windows open, or there is not
       enough memory remaining to open another window, you will
       receive an error message instead. You will need to close one or
       more windows first.

.CP5
If you have font display turned OFF, you will see a reference such as
{.@NEn0001} inserted into the text. If you have font display turned
ON, you will see a reference such as 1 appear in the document.

.tc        Editing Endnotes ...............................#
Editing Endnotes
.ix   Editing

Place the cursor in the note reference you wish to edit. Choose Modify
Note text from the menu (F10,E,N,M). A window will open with the notes
file displayed, and the cursor will be positioned at the start of the
endnote text for the reference you selected.

You can edit the text in the same way as you would edit document text.

.tc        Deleting Endnotes ..............................#
Deleting Endnotes
.ix   Deleting

Delete the endnote reference mark in the document. If you delete the
endnote text from the note file, the reference mark remains in the
document.

.tc        Moving Endnotes ................................#
Moving Endnotes
.ix   Moving

Mark the endnote reference as a block, then move it to the new
location.

.tc        Copying Endnotes ...............................#
Copying Endnotes
.ix   Copying

Mark the endnote reference as a block, then copy it to the new
location. If the two references are on the same page, they will be
given the same reference number when printed, and the endnote text
will print only once at the end of the document.

If the two reference numbers are on different pages, they will still
be given different references numbers, and the text will print at the
end of the document.

.CP5
.tc        Changing an Endnote Reference Mark .............#
Changing an Endnote Reference Mark
.ix   Changing Reference marks

A endnote reference mark may be generated automatically by Word Fugue
as:
     a number
     a roman numeral
     a letter of the alphabet

or you may over-ride this and request any special character.

Place the cursor within the note reference, and select Change
Reference Char from the menu (F10,E,N,R). You will be prompted to
"Enter the note reference char".

     If you Type:               The Reference mark will print as:
       n or N                   A number
            r                   lowercase roman numeral
            R                   Uppercase roman numeral
            a                   lowercase letter of the alphabet
            A                   Uppercase letter of the alphabet
       any other character      the character you typed
       eg   $                   $

You will not see roman numerals on screen, instead you will see only
the reference mark identifier you entered (eg R)

If you turn font display OFF, you will see
     {.@NEn0001} for number references
     {.@NEr0001} for lowercase roman numerals
     {.@NER0001} for Uppercase roman numerals
     {.@NEa0001} for lowercase letters
     {.@NEA0001} for Uppercase letters
     {.@NE$0001} for $

.tc        The Notes File .................................#
The Notes File
.ix   Notes File

Footnotes, Endnotes & Annotations are saved in a separate file, with
the same name as your document, but with the extension set to .!WF.
This was described above under Footnotes.

.tc        The .NSE dot Command ...........................#
The NSE Dot Command
.ix   .NSE
.ixDot Commands;  .NSE - Endnote processing parameters

This command passes its parameters to the endnotes processing.

    .NSE      - pass to end notes

The parameters are described below.

.tc           Line Height and Character Width .............#
   Line Height and Character Width
.ix   Line Height
.ix   Character Width

   Sometimes you want endnotes printed in smaller type. If you do, you
   need to inform Word Fugue of how much smaller you want the type to
   be, so that the program can calculate how many lines can fit on a
   page, and how many characters can fit in a column.

.CP5
   Unlike footnotes, which have their own LH & CW commands, you must
   include the appropriate print control sequence before the command
   to commence printing endnotes

.tc           Print Endnotes in Snaking Columns ...........#
   Print Endnotes in Snaking Columns
.ix   Snaking Columns

   If your text is printing in snaking columns, then endnotes will
   be printed in snaking columns. If you are not printing text in
   snaking columns, but you want Endnotes printing in snaking columns,
   you should insert a .CO dot command just before the end of the
   document, or immediately prior to the .PE command.

.CP6
.tc           Endnote Sorting .............................#
   Endnote Sorting
.ix   Sorting

   When endnotes are added to the list for later printing, you can
   specify that the first 15 characters of the endnote text be sorted
   in ascending or descending order when printing. The default is no
   sorting - endnotes are always added to the bottom of the list, and
   will print in the order they are referenced in the text.

   The format of the parameter is

       Sort=No|Ascend|Descend         at the head of the notes file

       Sort=NO          specifies no sorting (the default behaviour)

       Sort=Ascend      specifies that the end notes will be sorted in
                        ascending alphabetic order (A comes before B ...)
                        of the first 15 characters of the reference
                        text

       Sort=Descend     specifies that the end notes will be sorted in
                        descending alphabetic order of the first 15
                        characters of the reference text (Z before Y ...)


   NOTE -  If you specify endnote sorting, you should not use
           automatic reference number generation, because the
           automatic reference number is dependent upon the position
           of the endnote within the list. That position could change
           as additional notes are added to the list, so that the 4th
           note becomes the 5th and so on. However, the automatic
           number has been printed before this happens

.tc        Setting the start Number .......................#
Setting the start Number
.ix   Endnote start number
.ix   .E#
.ixDot Commands;  .E# - Endnote start number

The starting number for a endnote is set by the .E# dot command.

     .E# 3

will start the first endnote encountered at number 3

.CP6
.imAnnotation
.tc     Annotation ........................................#
Annotation
.ix   Definition

Annotations are comments added by reviewers to a document. They are
stored in the notes file, and referenced within the document. They do
not print when you print the document.

.CP6
.tc        Inserting an Annotation ........................#
Inserting an Annotation
.ix   Inserting

Choose Annotation Creation from the menu (F10,E,N,A) or by use of the
short cut keys Ctrl-J Z. An automatic reference mark will be inserted
into the document at the cursor position, and a new window will open
to show the notes file. The cursor will be positioned at the start of
the endnote text, underneath a reference number (such as .!0001) that
is used to link the endnote text with the endnote reference in the
document. Annotation text can be any length, and can contain multiple
paragraphs.

.CP5
Type in the annotation text, and then switch back to the document (F9).
Alternatively, you can close the endnote window (Shift F4) once you
have typed in the text.

Note - if you have the maximum of eight windows open, or there is not
       enough memory remaining to open another window, you will
       receive an error message instead. You will need to close one or
       more windows first.

.CP5
If you have font display turned OFF, you will see a reference such as
{.@NAn0001} inserted into the text. If you have font display turned
ON, you will see a reference such as 1 appear in the document.

.tc        Editing Annotations ............................#
Editing Annotations
.ix   Editing

Place the cursor in the note reference you wish to edit. Choose Modify
Note text from the menu (F10,E,N,M). A window will open with the notes
file displayed, and the cursor will be positioned at the start of the
endnote text for the reference you selected.

You can edit the text in the same way as you would edit document text.

.tc        Deleting Annotations ...........................#
Deleting Annotations
.ix   Deleting

Delete the annotation reference mark in the document. If you delete
the annotation text from the note file, the reference mark remains in
the document.

.tc        Moving Annotations .............................#
Moving Annotations
.ix   Moving

Mark the annotation reference as a block, then move it to the new
location.

.tc        Copying Annotations ............................#
Copying Annotations
.ix   Copying

Mark the annotation reference as a block, then copy it to the new
location.

.tc        The Notes File .................................#
The Notes File
.ix   Notes File

Footnotes, Endnotes & Annotations are saved in a separate file, with
the same name as your document, but with the extension set to .!WF.
This was described above under Footnotes.

.CP5
.tc        Printing Annotations ...........................#
Printing Annotations
.ix   Printing

Annotations do not print when you print a document. However, you can
print the contents of the notes file by calling up the print menu, and
changing the filename extension to .!WF, and printing that file.